Technology and trend of intelligent instrument development

After analog instruments, digital instruments and separation instruments, instruments and meters have entered a period of intelligent development. Instruments and meters are no longer the traditional and simple hardware entity technology in the past, but have become the integration of instruments (hardware) and microprocessors (software). With the development of intelligent instruments and meters, instruments and meters not only measure data, but also analyze and control data accordingly, which lays a solid foundation for its universal application. At the same time, the development of intelligent instruments not only makes instruments with the same structure more flexible, but also realizes the purpose of reconfiguration, improves the use efficiency and reduces the production cost.

(1) development status of intelligent instruments

According to relevant statistics, the scale and export volume of China's intelligent instrument industry are rising year by year. It is true that even such a huge production country can not become an innovation country after all. There is always a big gap with western countries and regions in the production level, scientific research investment, innovation ability and manufacturing technology of instruments and meters. The new technology of on-line analytical instruments in intelligent instruments and meters has appeared for decades, but China has only proposed this concept in recent years. In recent years, there are at least thousands and at most tens of thousands of instrument enterprises registered in China, and the number is still increasing year by year. However, among such a large number of instrument and meter enterprises, only a few dozen enterprises have really developed online analytical instruments, and they rely more on imported products to make up for this gap.

With the continuous development of economy and society, the improvement of national comprehensive ability and the continuous development of social demand, online analytical instruments have been applied to all aspects of people's daily life, such as the detection of water quality and air, and have also been gradually applied in industrial production. In the past, China's detection of air quality has not reached the current level. With the emergence of PM2.5, haze and acid rain, there are very strict requirements for the detection of various gas contents. However, the traditional sample collection and laboratory detection methods can no longer meet the basic needs of modern social development. At this time, it is particularly important to use online analytical instruments to detect relevant data.

After the 1980s, the continuous development of science and technology in China has brought a new direction and development momentum to online instrument analysis technology. In 1985, Sichuan analytical instrument factory was established, mainly engaged in online analysis and Application Research of instruments; In 1992, China's first on-line analytical instrument engineering department was registered in Sichuan Province. It began new professional research on on-line analytical instruments and established an analysis system. The PS1000 series developed by it became the earliest on-line analytical instrument in China; In 2007, the second International Forum on online analytical instruments was successfully held in Beijing, marking that online analytical instruments have entered a critical stage of development and are gradually developing towards a regular path.

(2) technology of intelligent instrument development

2.1 sensor technology

The most basic function of intelligent instruments is to collect and process data. Therefore, the development of sensor technology is inseparable from the collection and processing of data. In other words, sensor technology is the foundation of the development of intelligent instruments. With the continuous development of intelligent instruments and meters, users have different requirements for size, cost, performance and reliability, which is more dependent on the development of MEMS to gradually improve the efficiency of intelligent instruments and meters.

MEMS has the following notable characteristics: small size. Small MEMS is usually in the range of millimeter to micrometer, and the size of some smallest accessories is a few millimeters or even smaller. The development of microelectronics and micromachining technology has brought intelligent instruments into a new development field.

From the current situation, miniaturized MEMS instruments can also complete the collection and processing of relevant data. diversification. Up to now, there are thousands of enterprises engaged in research and development of MEMS technology and production in various countries around the world. There are some enterprises that are among the world's top 500. Some of their products have been widely used in engineering, commerce and other industries, such as micro pressure sensors, inkjet printheads, accelerometers, digital microscopes and microscopes, The appearance of these products not only shows the trend of diversification in terms of product types, but also improves their use functions.

2.2 embedded system

At present, the continuous progress of software technology has promoted the rapid development of intelligent instruments, and intelligent instruments have also been introduced with more new functions. As we all know, intelligent instruments and meters are composed of different systems. Among them, through the role of the embedded system, the data in the module is coordinated and designed, and the connection is established between them, so as to help users solve problems. The embedded system not only combines the advantages of hardware and software technology in intelligent instruments, but also saves the development cost and simplifies the instruments.

For example, the main direction of the development of intelligent instruments and meters is miniaturization, and embedded systems can form the required functions on the small chips of intelligent instruments and meters, reduce the size of products, reduce power consumption and increase integration. In this way, it not only meets the basic requirements of the miniaturization of intelligent instruments and meters, but also provides them with more convenient functions, and strengthens the internal relationship between productivity and the development of science and technology. After all, the embedded system provides a new way of thinking and design concept for the development of intelligent instruments. It can help designers optimize and upgrade products in a limited design space, and effectively avoid the defects in the design of intelligent strange instruments caused by the technical independence of hardware and software. The author also firmly believes that the development of intelligent instruments can not be separated from the help of embedded systems.

2.3 digital to analog conversion technology

In order to meet the basic needs of the development of intelligent instruments, the performance of digital to analog A / D conversion technology is gradually improving, and the improvement of conversion speed and accuracy has become a new direction of the development of intelligent instruments. Among them, the high speed of digital to analog A / D conversion technology not only plays an extremely important role in the development of intelligent instruments, but also has special requirements for data acquisition and information processing. In the process of using traditional instruments to detect data, the change process of measured data is always very short. In order to prolong the change of measured data, digital to analog A / D conversion technology has great advantages in this respect. With the continuous development of the industrial field, the resolution of software technology in the software technology of intelligent instruments and meters is also constantly improving. For example, the measurable value and high-precision measurement in small instruments are constantly decreasing. Therefore, the resolution in the digital to analog A / D conversion technology should be constantly increased.

2.4 network communication technology

With the development of intelligent instruments and meters, network and communication technology play a pivotal role. The development of various industries and fields is inseparable from network communication technology. Naturally, the development of intelligent instruments and meters is inextricably linked with network communication technology. In the development process of traditional instruments and meters, the connection is completed by manual wiring of cables by staff. This manual connection method not only has high requirements on the arrangement position of instruments and meters and the depth of cables, but also increases and improves the use cost and maintenance difficulty of instruments and meters.

Now, with the help of network technology, intelligent instruments and meters have completely solved this problem, which is embodied in the following three aspects: intelligent instruments and meters can complete data transmission when they are online; Realized employee control and fault diagnosis; Completed the construction of the network test system. Different devices share resources and information through network communication technology. Through the cooperation of network communication technology, the test task of large and complex systems is completed. With the help of intelligent instruments and meters of network communication technology, they have scientific and efficient information processing capabilities. Therefore, network communication technology has also become one of the important components of intelligent instruments and meters.

(3) development trend of intelligent instruments

3.1 instruments and meters will be further intelligent

With the rapid development of science and technology, the software technology in intelligent instruments has gradually optimized the performance and structure of traditional instruments. The generation of intelligent instruments and meters realizes the automatic generation of codes, saves more human, financial and material resources, and greatly reduces the heavy work tasks of staff. The further intelligence of instruments and meters will also make the maintenance of programs and applications more convenient. In this context, intelligent instruments can also realize dynamic tracking of instrument status, users can also set them independently, and problems can be solved in time, which ensures the stability and safety of intelligent instruments and equipment, and comprehensively improves the operation effect of instruments.

3.2 achieve the goal of faster, stronger and more energy-saving

Compared with traditional instruments and meters, intelligent instruments and meters will continue to improve and optimize in the future on the issues of large resource demand and high physical cost consumption. Improve the detection efficiency on the premise of promoting environmental protection; In terms of intelligent technology, it breaks through the control of target data measurement and control, forms an efficient and scientific measurement and control system through automatic detection, eliminates errors caused by human factors, and enables intelligent instruments to achieve the goal of faster, stronger and more energy-saving.

3.3 promote the all-round development of intelligent instruments

The continuous progress of science and technology provides a broader space for the development of intelligent instruments. The measurement network control in intelligent instruments not only improves the production efficiency of enterprises, but also realizes the sharing of resources. Of course, this is also the main development direction of intelligent instruments and equipment. In addition, the use of modern industrial means to promote the development of intelligent instruments and meters also improves the innovation ability and level of intelligent instruments and meters, and promotes the development of software technology systems. Therefore, intelligent instruments will achieve more all-round development in the future.

(4) conclusion

To sum up, intelligent instruments and meters are the combination of sensor technology, embedded system, digital to analog conversion technology and network communication technology. With the continuous progress of economy and society, we can expect that intelligent instruments and meters with various functions will be more widely used.